IIA. GENERAL PHYSICAL PHENOMENA
|
Concept |
Demonstrations |
| Atmospheric Pressure
The sum total of the gases exerting force on the surface of earth at a given time and place is the atmospheric pressure; it varies with altitude and weather
|
|
| Denaturation
Denaturation is the physical process whereby large molecules such as proteins have their three dimensional structures disrupted; denaturation is usually a physical change which may sometimes be reversible |
Making Plastic from Protein |
| Electricity, Electrodes, and Electrolytes
Electricity is the flow of electrons; Electrodes include the source and the destination of electrons; electrolytes are charged substances whose presence is required for liquids to be electrically conducting
|
Electrolytes, Conductors of Electricity
|
| Flash Point
Flash point is the lowest temperature at which a substance heated under standard conditions gives off enough vapor to ignite with flame
|
|
| Gases
Gases are substances in the gaseous state; gases have their particles separated from each other |
Hydrogen Gas from the Reaction of Magnesium Metal with Acid Preparation of Oxygen Gas from Bleach
|
| Hydrated Ions
Hydrated ions are ions which are kept separated from each other by water of hydration surrounding them
|
|
| Intermolecular Attractions
Intermolecular attractions are what keep the particles of any substance together
|
Boiling Liquid at a Reduced Pressure
|
| Physical Changes
Physical changes are transformations which do not result in the formation of a new substance
|
|
| Partial Vacuum
A partial vacuum has a decreased number of particles in the gaseous state; a complete vacuum is characterized by the absence of any particles |
|
| Reaction Kinetics
Reaction kinetics describe how fast a reaction will occur |
|
| Reduced Pressure
Reduced pressure refers to the state of a partial vacuum |
|
| Solubility
Solubility of a substance refers to how much of the substance will dissolve under given conditions in a given solvent |
Carbon Dioxide from Respiration Precipitate Formation: Cobalt(II)Hydroxide Precipitate Formation: Cobalt(III)Saccharate Hexahydrate
|
| Solutions of Salts
Solutions of salts are formed by dissolving ionic substances in suitable solvents
|
Crystallization of a Supersaturated Solution
|
| Supersaturation
Supersaturation is the situation which occurs when a cool solution contains more solute than it does when in equilibrium with solid
|
Crystallization of a Supersaturated Solution
|
| Triple Point
Triple point is the temperature at which the liquid, vapor, and solid of a substance are all in equilibrium
|
|
| Vapor
Vapor is the partially condensed gaseous form of any substance
|
|
| Vapor Pressure
Vapor pressure is the pressure exerted by a vapor above a substance releasing the vapor
|
Boiling Liquid at a Reduced Pressure
|
| Volume of a Gas
The volume of a gas is the space occupied by the gas including the empty space between the gas particles themselves; the volume of a gas depends on the temperature and pressure of the gas
|
Hydrogen Gas from the Reaction of Magnesium Metal with Acid Crystallization of a Supersaturated Solution Precipitate Formation: Lead(II)Iodide
|